The Role of L-Carnitine in Kidney Disease and Related Metabolic Dysfunctions

Kidney disease is associated with a wide variety of metabolic abnormalities that accompany the uremic state and dialysis dependence. These include altered L-carnitine homeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunctions, in fatty acid metabolism. essential for metabolism proper function. Deficiency kidney caused by reduction endogenous renal synthesis, impaired metabolism, lower intake due to dietary restrictions, nonselective clearance procedure. Free carnitine levels <40 µmol/L patients can lead dialysis-related complications, such as anemia hyporesponsive erythropoietin therapy, intradialytic hypotension, cardiovascular disease, skeletal muscle dysfunction manifested weakness fatigue. deficiency also seen acute injury (AKI) resulting from trauma and/or ischemia, drugs cisplatin, infections covid. A persistent further damage kidneys multi-organ failure. Carnitine supplementation has been shown be safe effective improving disease-related complications drug-induced toxicity, trauma, ischemic injury, infection, dialysis, replenishing adequate rebalancing homeostasis. In this review, we will examine protective role reducing cellular oxidative maintaining function together clinical evidence its potential use management disease.